Improved car-spring



A. H. ROWAND."

'Car Spring.

No. 58.677. Patented Oct. 9. 1866.

Inventor,

Witnesses:

AM. PHOTO-LITHmCONX. (OSEORNE'S PROCESS) UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AROHIBALD H. ROWAND, OF" ALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVED CAR-SPRlNG.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 5S,677, dated October 9, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARGHIBALD H. RowAND, of the city and county of Allegheny, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and improved spring for lessening the jar incident to cars, locomotives, and other bodies moved along on railroads and elsewhere, and of greatly relieving the effect on cars and other carriages in the sudden starting, checking, or stopping of motion; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specification.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

I construct my spring so as to avoid the joints orhinge-like bearin gs of elliptic springs heretofore used, as also the use of separatelyformed leaves or plates, giving instead a succession of thicknesses of leaves by a continuous wrapping of the bar of steel or other metal or compositions of metals, the leaves or wrappin gs being increased in proportion to the resisting force required, maintaining the general outline of form exhibited in the drawings, but variable, both in the breadth and thickness of the bar from which the spring is constructed, as also in the length of the spring when finished, the light stage-coach, carriage, or buggy requiring a spring of greater length relatively and otherwise lighter in construction than a spring designed to bear up a heavy locomotive or freightca-r.

In construction of the spring I use for each one a bar of cast-steel or other suitable material, having sufficient length to insure the desired number of wrappings or leaves of which the spring is to consist.

In the folding up or wrapping I use a mandrel of oval shape, which is secured to a shaft, which, as it revolves, is made to draw the bar at a proper temperature of heat on and around this oval-shaped mandrel until the desired number of leaves or thicknesses are attained,

when the inner end of the coil, which had been temporarily secured to aid in winding, is loosened, and the oval-shaped coil, reheated if nec essary, is placed on a block having the shape designed for the spring when tempered, and on either side corresponding blocks having the shape of the outer sides designed for the finished spring are forcibly pressed together, causing the spring to assume the form shown in the annexed drawings, A representing the inner end; B, the outer end, and c O c the entire spring.-

The spring is now ready for tempering, havin gfirst been properly heated 5 if made of steel, is immersed in oil or other suitable tempering fluid or medium, and is attached or applied to any purpose by such fastening and stays as the nature of the work it has to do requires.

I elaim An elliptic spring com posed of a single strip of steel formed in the shape substantially as shown, so that it will retain its form without the use of clamps.

A. H. ROVVAND.

Witnesses:

Farmers TORRANCE, N. B. HATCH. 

